The Lemon Index

The Lemon IndexLook up any car.

Every model year, 2000 to 2025. Free.

Scores from 176,308 owner complaints filed with the U.S. government in each car's first 3 years (model years 2010–2022). What each total covers

Canada? See recalls at Transport Canada

Every model. Score in the corner: 100 is average, lower is better.

Alfa Romeo

Alfa Romeo 4C4C1.75L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Alfa Romeo Giulia QuadrifoglioGiulia Quadrifoglio2.9L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Alfa Romeo Stelvio QuadrifoglioStelvio Quadrifoglio2.9L twin-turbo V6Coming soon

Aston Martin

Aston Martin DB11 / DB12DB11 / DB124.0L 8-cylinder
Aston Martin DB7 V12 Vantage / GTDB7 V12 Vantage / GT5.9L V12Coming soon
Aston Martin DB9DB95.9L V12Coming soon
Aston Martin DBSDBS5.2L 12-cylinderAston Martin DBXDBX4.0L 8-cylinder
Aston Martin RapideRapide5.9L V12Coming soon
Aston Martin ValhallaValhalla4.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Aston Martin ValkyrieValkyrie6.5L V12 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Aston Martin VanquishVanquish5.9L V12Coming soon
Aston Martin VantageVantage4.0L 8-cylinder

Audi

Audi A3A3107Audi A4A445Audi A6A664Audi Q3Q366Audi Q5Q569Audi Q7Q763Audi R8R85.2L 10-cylinder
Audi RS 3RS 32.5L turbo inline-5Coming soon
Audi RS 5RS 5444 hp · 0–60 3.7 s
Audi RS 6 AvantRS 6 Avant4.0L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Audi RS 7RS 74.0L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Audi RS Q8RS Q84.0L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Audi S4S43.0L turbo V6Coming soon
Audi TT RSTT RS2.5L turbo inline-5Coming soon
Audi A5A5YouTube scoreAudi S4S445Audi TTTTYouTube score

Automobili Pininfarina

Automobili Pininfarina BattistaBattistafour electric motorsHypercar · coming soon

BMW

BMW 3 Series3 Series37BMW 5 Series5 Series58BMW X1X189BMW X3X364BMW X5X554
BMW M2M23.0L twin-turbo inline-6Coming soon
BMW M3M3503 hp · 0–60 3.5 sBMW M340iM340i382 hp · 0–60 3.8 sBMW M4M4503 hp · 0–60 3.8 s
BMW M6M64.4L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
BMW M8M84.4L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
BMW X3 M / X4 MX3 M / X4 M3.0L twin-turbo inline-6Coming soon
BMW X5 M / X6 MX5 M / X6 M4.4L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
BMW XMXM4.4L twin-turbo V8 plug-in hybridComing soon

Bentley

Bentley Arnage / MulsanneArnage / Mulsanne6.75L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Bentley BentaygaBentayga3.0L 6-cylinderBentley Continental GTContinental GT4.0L 8-cylinder
Bentley Flying SpurFlying Spur6.0L twin-turbo W12Coming soon

Bugatti

Bugatti ChironChiron8.0L 16-cylinder
Bugatti DivoDivo8.0L quad-turbo W16Hypercar · coming soon
Bugatti TourbillonTourbillon8.3L V16 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Bugatti VeyronVeyron8.0L 16-cylinder
Bugatti W16 MistralW16 Mistral8.0L quad-turbo W16Hypercar · coming soon

Cadillac

Cadillac ATSATS93Cadillac CTSCTS62Cadillac DTSDTS61Cadillac DeVilleDeVille60Cadillac EscaladeEscalade65Cadillac SRXSRX83Cadillac STSSTS118Cadillac XT5XT538
Cadillac ATS-VATS-V3.6L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Cadillac CT4-V BlackwingCT4-V Blackwing3.6L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Cadillac CT5-V BlackwingCT5-V Blackwing668 hp · 0–60 3.6 sCadillac CTS-VCTS-V640 hp · 0–60 3.6 s
Cadillac Escalade-VEscalade-V6.2L supercharged V8Coming soon
Cadillac LyriqLyriq413

Czinger

Czinger 21C21C2.9L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon

Ferrari

Ferrari 12Cilindri12Cilindri6.5L V12Coming soon
Ferrari 2962962.9L 6-cylinder
Ferrari 360 Modena / Spider / Challenge Stradale360 Modena / Spider / Challenge Stradale3.6L V8Coming soon
Ferrari 458 Italia458 Italia4.5L 8-cylinderFerrari 4884883.9L 8-cylinder
Ferrari 550 / 575M Maranello550 / 575M Maranello5.7L V12Coming soon
Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano599 GTB Fiorano6.0L V12Coming soon
Ferrari 612 Scaglietti612 Scaglietti5.7L V12Coming soon
Ferrari 812 Superfast812 Superfast6.5L 12-cylinderFerrari CaliforniaCalifornia3.9L 8-cylinder
Ferrari Daytona SP3Daytona SP36.5L V12Hypercar · coming soon
Ferrari EnzoEnzo6.0L V12Hypercar · coming soon
Ferrari F12berlinettaF12berlinetta6.3L 12-cylinder
Ferrari F430F4304.3L V8Coming soon
Ferrari F8 TributoF8 Tributo3.9L 8-cylinder
Ferrari F80F803.0L twin-turbo V6 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Ferrari GTC4Lusso / FFGTC4Lusso / FF3.9L 8-cylinder
Ferrari LaFerrariLaFerrari6.3L V12 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Ferrari PortofinoPortofino3.9L 8-cylinder
Ferrari PurosanguePurosangue6.5L V12Coming soon
Ferrari RomaRoma3.9L 8-cylinderFerrari SF90 StradaleSF90 Stradale3.9L 8-cylinder

Fiat

Ford

Ford BroncoBronco227Ford Bronco SportBronco Sport287Ford C-MaxC-Max83Ford Crown VictoriaCrown Victoria31Ford E-SeriesE-Series23Ford EcoSportEcoSport109Ford EdgeEdge176Ford EscapeEscape153Ford ExpeditionExpedition98Ford ExplorerExplorer178Ford F-SeriesF-Series101Ford FiestaFiesta237Ford FlexFlex153Ford FocusFocus227Ford FreestyleFreestyle375Ford FusionFusion193Ford MustangMustang136Ford RangerRanger48Ford TaurusTaurus81Ford TransitTransit28Ford Transit ConnectTransit Connect40Ford WindstarWindstar116
Ford Bronco RaptorBronco Raptor3.0L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Ford F-150 LightningF-150 Lightning288Ford F-150 RaptorF-150 Raptor450 hp · 0–60 5.2 s
Ford F-150 Raptor RF-150 Raptor R5.2L supercharged V8Coming soon
Ford F-150 SVT LightningF-150 SVT Lightning5.4L supercharged V8Coming soon
Ford Fiesta STFiesta ST1.6L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Ford Focus RSFocus RS350 hp · 0–60 4.6 s
Ford Focus STFocus ST2.0L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Ford GTGT3.5L 6-cylinder
Ford Mustang Boss 302Mustang Boss 3025.0L V8Coming soon
Ford Mustang Dark HorseMustang Dark Horse5.0L Coyote V8Coming soon
Ford Mustang GTMustang GT480 hp
Ford Mustang GTDMustang GTD5.2L supercharged V8Coming soon
Ford Mustang Mach 1Mustang Mach 15.0L Coyote V8Coming soon
Ford Mustang Mach-EMustang Mach-E316
Ford Mustang SVT CobraMustang SVT Cobra4.6L supercharged V8Coming soon
Ford Shelby GT350Shelby GT350526 hp · 0–60 3.9 sFord Shelby GT500Shelby GT500760 hp · 0–60 3.7 sFord ExcursionExcursionComplaints onlyFord Five HundredFive HundredYouTube scoreFord FreestarFreestarComplaints onlyFord MaverickMaverickComplaints onlyFord Super Duty (F-250/F-350)Super Duty (F-250/F-350)YouTube score

Genesis

Genesis G70 3.3TG70 3.3T3.3L twin-turbo V6Coming soon

Gordon Murray

Gordon Murray T.50T.503.9L V12Hypercar · coming soon

Hennessey

Hennessey Venom F5Venom F56.6L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon
Hennessey Venom GTVenom GT7.0L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon

Hummer

Hyundai

Hyundai AccentAccent42Hyundai AzeraAzera143Hyundai ElantraElantra74Hyundai GenesisGenesis123Hyundai KonaKona96Hyundai PalisadePalisade251Hyundai Santa FeSanta Fe110Hyundai SonataSonata129Hyundai TiburonTiburon370Hyundai TucsonTucson145Hyundai VelosterVeloster139
Hyundai Elantra NElantra N2.0L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Hyundai Ioniq 5Ioniq 5686
Hyundai Ioniq 5 NIoniq 5 Ndual electric motorsComing soon
Hyundai Ioniq 6Ioniq 6265Hyundai Kona ElectricKona Electric272
Hyundai Veloster NVeloster N2.0L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Hyundai VeracruzVeracruzYouTube score

Infiniti

Infiniti FX35FX3571Infiniti G37G3724Infiniti M35M35114Infiniti Q50Q5078Infiniti QX60QX6083
Infiniti Q50 / Q60 Red Sport 400Q50 / Q60 Red Sport 4003.0L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Infiniti G35G35Complaints onlyInfiniti QX56QX56YouTube score

Jaguar

Jaguar X-TypeX-Type134
Jaguar F-Pace SVRF-Pace SVR5.0L supercharged V8Coming soon
Jaguar F-Type R / SVRF-Type R / SVR5.0L supercharged V8Coming soon
Jaguar XKR / XKR-SXKR / XKR-S5.0L supercharged V8Coming soon
Jaguar S-TypeS-TypeYouTube scoreJaguar XFXFYouTube score

Koenigsegg

Koenigsegg Agera (R, RS)Agera (R, RS)5.0L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon
Koenigsegg CCXCCX4.7L twin-supercharged V8Hypercar · coming soon
Koenigsegg GemeraGemera5.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Koenigsegg Jesko (Attack, Absolut)Jesko (Attack, Absolut)5.0L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon
Koenigsegg RegeraRegera5.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon

Lamborghini

Lamborghini AventadorAventador6.5L 12-cylinder
Lamborghini DiabloDiablo6.0L V12Coming soon
Lamborghini GallardoGallardo5.2L 10-cylinderLamborghini HuracánHuracán5.2L 10-cylinder
Lamborghini MurciélagoMurciélago6.5L V12Coming soon
Lamborghini RevueltoRevuelto6.5L 12-cylinder
Lamborghini TemerarioTemerario4.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridComing soon
Lamborghini UrusUrus4.0L 8-cylinder

Lexus

Lexus ESES27Lexus ISIS32Lexus LSLS78Lexus RXRX31
Lexus GS FGS F5.0L V8Coming soon
Lexus IS 500 F Sport PerformanceIS 500 F Sport Performance5.0L V8Coming soon
Lexus IS FIS F5.0L V8Coming soon
Lexus LC 500LC 500471 hp · 0–60 4.6 sLexus LFALFA552 hp · 0–60 3.6 sLexus RC FRC F472 hp · 0–60 4.1 s

Lotus

Lotus Elise / ExigeElise / Exige1.8L inline-4Coming soon
Lotus EvijaEvijafour electric motorsHypercar · coming soon
Lotus Evora / EmiraEvora / Emira3.5L 6-cylinder

Lucid

Lucid Air SapphireAir Sapphirethree electric motorsComing soon

Maserati

Maserati GranTurismoGranTurismo4.7L V8Coming soon
Maserati MC20MC203.0L twin-turbo V6Coming soon

McLaren

McLaren 570S / 540C570S / 540C3.8L 8-cylinderMcLaren 650S / 12C650S / 12C3.8L 8-cylinderMcLaren 720S / 750S720S / 750S4.0L 8-cylinderMcLaren ArturaArtura3.0L 6-cylinderMcLaren GTGT4.0L 8-cylinder
McLaren P1P13.8L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon
McLaren SennaSenna4.0L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon
McLaren SpeedtailSpeedtail4.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon
McLaren W1W14.0L twin-turbo V8 hybridHypercar · coming soon

Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz C-ClassC-Class48Mercedes-Benz CLACLA112Mercedes-Benz E-ClassE-Class45Mercedes-Benz GLAGLA50Mercedes-Benz GLK/GLCGLK/GLC60Mercedes-Benz M/GLEM/GLE51Mercedes-Benz SprinterSprinter107Mercedes-AMG C63Mercedes-AMG C63671 hp · 0–60 3.0 s
Mercedes-AMG CLA45 / GLA45Mercedes-AMG CLA45 / GLA452.0L turbo inline-4Coming soon
Mercedes-AMG E63Mercedes-AMG E634.0L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Mercedes-AMG G63Mercedes-AMG G63577 hp · 0–60 3.9 s
Mercedes-AMG GLE63 / ML63Mercedes-AMG GLE63 / ML635.5L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Mercedes-AMG GTMercedes-AMG GT2.0L 4-cylinder
Mercedes-AMG ONEMercedes-AMG ONE1.6L turbo V6 hybridHypercar · coming soon
Mercedes-AMG S63 / S65Mercedes-AMG S63 / S655.5L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Mercedes-AMG SL55 / SL63 / SL65Mercedes-AMG SL55 / SL63 / SL655.5L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Mercedes-Benz E55 AMGE55 AMG5.4L supercharged V8Coming soon
Mercedes-Benz SLR McLarenSLR McLaren5.4L supercharged V8Coming soon

Pagani

Pagani HuayraHuayra6.0L twin-turbo AMG V12Hypercar · coming soon
Pagani UtopiaUtopia6.0L twin-turbo AMG V12Hypercar · coming soon
Pagani ZondaZonda7.3L AMG V12Hypercar · coming soon

Polestar

Porsche

Porsche MacanMacan31
Porsche 718 Cayman GT4 / Boxster Spyder718 Cayman GT4 / Boxster Spyder4.0L flat-6Coming soon
Porsche 911 Carrera911 Carrera443 hp · 0–60 2.9 sPorsche 911 Turbo / GT3911 Turbo / GT33.7L 6-cylinderPorsche 918 Spyder918 Spyder4.6L 8-cylinder
Porsche Carrera GTCarrera GT5.7L V10Hypercar · coming soon
Porsche Cayenne Turbo / Turbo GTCayenne Turbo / Turbo GT4.0L twin-turbo V8Coming soon
Porsche Macan GTS / TurboMacan GTS / Turbo2.9L twin-turbo V6Coming soon
Porsche Taycan Turbo STaycan Turbo Sdual electric motorsComing soon
Porsche CayenneCayenneYouTube score

Rimac

Rimac NeveraNeverafour electric motorsHypercar · coming soon

Rolls-Royce

Rolls-Royce CullinanCullinan6.7L 12-cylinder
Rolls-Royce DawnDawn6.6L twin-turbo V12Coming soon
Rolls-Royce GhostGhost6.7L 12-cylinderRolls-Royce PhantomPhantom6.7L 12-cylinder
Rolls-Royce SpectreSpectredual electric motorsComing soon
Rolls-Royce WraithWraith6.6L twin-turbo V12Coming soon

Saleen

Saleen S7S77.0L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon

Ssc

SSC TuataraSSC Tuatara5.9L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon
SSC Ultimate AeroSSC Ultimate Aero6.3L twin-turbo V8Hypercar · coming soon

Coming soon: no scores yet for these brands

Car images: AI-generated illustrations by The Lemon Index, free under CC BY 4.0 (download).

Questions

What is the Lemon Index?

The Lemon Index counts owner complaints filed with the U.S. government (NHTSA) in a car's first 3 years, per car sold, against the average car of the same model years (100 = average, lower is better). It measures complaints, not crash safety. 50 means half as many complaints as the average car, 300 means three times as many.

What is the most reliable car by owner complaints?

The Toyota 4Runner, with a Lemon Index of 26: about a quarter of the complaints of the average car, across 1.27 million sold (model years 2010-2022).

Which car brand has the fewest complaints?

Lexus, at 30, followed by Porsche (31, small sample), Toyota (50), BMW (52) and Mercedes-Benz (54).

Why does Tesla score so badly?

Most Model 3 and Model Y complaints are about forward collision avoidance (phantom braking). Tesla doesn't publish U.S. sales by model, so its index uses published estimates.

Is this the same as a repair-cost ranking?

No. It counts owner complaints filed with the government within 3 years of each model year. It is not a record of repair bills or out-of-warranty costs.

Spot a mistake or have an idea? Tell us

How can we make Lemon Index better?