The Lemon Index

All cars · Tesla Model Y · 2023

2023 Tesla Model Y. Advanced data.

The raw numbers: engines, recall campaign numbers, failure mileage and manufacturer communications.

Lemon Index258100 = average car
Complaints1,182NHTSA, first 3 years
Sold385,900U.S. model year
Per 100K sold306complaints

Engines and drivetrains 1

EngineTransmissionDriveCity / hwy / combinedFuelFuel cost/yr
ElectricAuto (A1)AWD129 / 116 / 123Electricity$600

EPA test versions for this model year. Fuel cost is the EPA's current estimate, not the price in that year.

Failure mileage by system

Half of owners who gave a mileage reported the problem between 2,000 and 25,800 miles. Median 6,100, from 82 complaints with a mileage.

SystemMedianMiddle halfComplaints
Automatic emergency braking3,0001,000–5,00018
Steering10,5001,700–41,2009
Speed control5,0002,400–21,0009
Suspension42,50030,400–53,5008
Electrical4,8001,000–15,00026

Mileage owners typed into their NHTSA complaint, all complaints for this model year. People report some problems late, so read it as a range.

Complaints by system

SystemShare of complaints
Automatic emergency braking54%
Steering18%
Speed control14%
Brakes13%
Suspension11%

One complaint can name more than one system, so shares can add to more than 100%.

Severity, all complaints

TotalCrashesFiresInjuriesDeathsTows
1,1821554501107

As reported by owners to NHTSA. Not verified.

Recall campaigns 17

  • 26V507000 Aug 2026 Exterior Lighting / Headlights

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017-2023 Model 3 and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. The headlight low beams may be too bright and exceed the maximum light output. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 108, "Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Associated Equipment."

    Risk. Headlight low beams that are too bright can reduce visibility for oncoming drivers, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla Service will replace the headlights, free of charge. Interim owner notification letters explaining the safety risk were be mailed October 3, 2026. Another notice will be sent once the repair becomes available. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-17-003.

  • 26V283000 May 2026 Back Over Prevention / Software

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2017, 2021-2023 Model 3, 2020-2023 Model Y, 2021-2023 Model S, and Model X vehicles operating software version 2026.8.6. The rearview camera image may be delayed when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."

    Risk. A delayed rearview image reduces the driver's view behind the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed July 3, 2026. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-26-00-001.

  • 25V092000 Feb 2025 Steering / Electric Power Assist System

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles operating software prior to 2023.38.4. The printed circuit board for the electronic power steering assist may experience an overstress condition, causing a loss of power steering assist when the vehicle reaches a stop and then accelerates again.

    Risk. A loss of power steering assist can require greater steering effort, especially at low speeds, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 25, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-00-004.

  • 25V002000 Jan 2025 Back Over Prevention / Software

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024-2025 Model 3, Model S, 2023-2025 Model X, and Model Y vehicles. The computer circuit board may short, resulting in the loss of the rearview camera image. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 111, "Rear Visibility."

    Risk. A rearview camera that does not display an image reduces the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Tesla will also identify any vehicles that experienced a circuit board failure, or stress that may lead to a circuit board failure, and replace the affected computers, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 7, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this reca

  • 24V935000 Dec 2024 Tires / Pressure Monitoring And Regulating Systems

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024 Cybertruck, 2017-2025 Model 3, and 2020-2025 Model Y vehicles. The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light may not remain illuminated between drive cycles, failing to warn the driver of low tire pressure. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 138, "Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems."

    Risk. Driving with improperly inflated tires increases the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 15, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-018.

  • 24V554000 Jul 2024 Latches/Locks/Linkages / Hood / Latch

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2024 Model 3, Model S, Model X, and 2020-2024 Model Y vehicles. The hood latch assembly may fail to detect an unlatched hood condition after the hood has been opened.

    Risk. An unlatched hood can fully open, obstructing the driver's view and increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 24, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-012.

  • 24V376000 May 2024 Seat Belts / Front / Warning Light/Devices

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2024 Model S, 2015-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. In the event of an unbelted driver, the seat belt warning light and audible chime may not activate as intended. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 208, "Occupant Crash Protection."

    Risk. A seat belt warning system that fails to alert occupants of an unbelted seat belt can increase the risk of injury during a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update. Owner notification letters were mailed July 26, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-008.

  • 24V051000 Jan 2024 Electrical System / Instrument Cluster/Panel

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2024 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, 2019-2024 Model Y, and 2024 Cybertruck vehicles. An incorrect font size is displayed on the instrument panel for the Brake, Park, and Antilock Brake System (ABS) warning lights. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 105, "Hydraulic and Electric Brake Systems" and 135, "Light Vehicle Brake Systems."

    Risk. Warning lights with a smaller font size can make critical safety information on the instrument panel difficult to read, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla began releasing an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-003.

  • 24V035000 Jan 2024 Back Over Prevention / Sensing System / Camera

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model S, X, and Y vehicles equipped with full self-driving computer 4.0 and running a software release version 2023.44.30 through 2023.44.30.6 or 2023.44.100. Software instability may prevent the rearview camera image from displaying.

    Risk. A rearview image that does not display while in reverse decreases the driver's visibility and increases the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 22, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-002.

  • 23V838000 Dec 2023 Electrical System / Adas / Autonomous/Self Driving / Software

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling 2012-2023 Model S, 2016-2023 Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with all versions of Autosteer leading up to the version(s) that contains the recall remedy. In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, the prominence and scope of the feature's controls may not be sufficient to prevent driver misuse of the SAE Level 2 advanced driver-assistance feature.

    Risk. In certain circumstances when Autosteer is engaged, and the driver does not maintain responsibility for vehicle operation and is unprepared to intervene as necessary or fails to recognize when Autosteer is canceled or not engaged, there may be an increased risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 10, 2024. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-008.

  • 23V489000 Jul 2023 Forward Collision Avoidance / Sensing System / Camera

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model S, Model X, and Model Y vehicles. The forward-facing camera may be misaligned, causing some of the active safety features such as emergency braking, forward collision warning, and lane assist to become unavailable without alerting the driver.

    Risk. Safety features that are unavailable without any warning to the driver may increase the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla Service will inspect and adjust the pitch angle, as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed September 12, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-17-006.

  • 23V434000 Jun 2023 Electrical System / Propulsion System / Traction Battery

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and Model Y vehicles. The pyrotechnic battery disconnect may be defective.

    Risk. A defective battery disconnect may not isolate the vehicle's high voltage battery after a crash or fault detection, increasing the risk of electrical shock and injury.

    Remedy. Tesla Service will replace the pyrotechnic battery disconnect, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed August 18, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-16-005.

  • 23V385000 May 2023 Steering / Steering Wheel/Handle Bar

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2022-2023 Model Y vehicles. The steering wheel fastener may be loose.

    Risk. A loose fastener may allow the steering wheel to disconnect from the steering column, which can cause a loss of steering control and increase the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla Service will inspect and replace the fastener as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were be mailed July 28, 2023. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-32-001.

  • 23V130000 Feb 2023 Seats / Critical Fasteners

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2022-2023 Model Y vehicles. The bolts securing the second-row seat back frames may not have been securely tightened.

    Risk. A loose seat frame bolt may reduce the seat belt system's performance, increasing the risk of injury during a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla Service Centers will inspect and tighten the bolts as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters are expected to be mailed April 25, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-13-001.

  • 23V085000 Feb 2023 Steering / Automated/Adaptive Steering

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2016-2023 Model S, Model X, 2017-2023 Model 3, and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles equipped with Full Self-Driving Beta (FSD Beta) software or pending installation.  The FSD Beta system may allow the vehicle to act unsafe around intersections, such as traveling straight through an intersection while in a turn-only lane, entering a stop sign-controlled intersection without coming to a complete stop, or proceeding into an intersection during a steady yellow traffic signal without due caution. In addition, the system may respond insufficiently to changes in pos

    Risk. FSD Beta software that allows a vehicle to exceed speed limits or travel through intersections in an unlawful or unpredictable manner increases the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla will release an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge.  Owner notification letters were mailed April 15, 2023.  Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752.  Tesla's number for this recall is SB-23-00-001.

  • 22V895000 Dec 2022 Suspension / Subframe/Mounting Bracket

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model Y vehicles. The front suspension lateral link fasteners may not have been properly attached to the sub-frame.

    Risk. A loose fastener can allow the lateral link to separate from the sub-frame, causing instability and increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla Service will tighten or replace the fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 7, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-31-002.

  • 22V844000 Nov 2022 Exterior Lighting / Tail Lights

    Defect. Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2023 Model 3 and 2020-2023 Model Y vehicles. One or both taillights may intermittently fail to illuminate.

    Risk. A taillight that fails to illuminate may reduce the visibility of the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.

    Remedy. Tesla has released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 14, 2023. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-22-00-016.

NHTSA investigations

StatusSubjectOpenedClosed
OpenFsd collisions in reduced roadway visibility conditions2026–
OpenLower lateral link detachment2026–
OpenCompliance with standing general order 2021-01 reporting requirements2025–
OpenTraffic safety violations while full self driving ("fsd") is engaged2025–
OpenRecall 23v838 remedy effectiveness2024–
OpenSudden unintended acceleration2023–

Manufacturer communications 91

Tesla filed 91 service communications for this car with NHTSA.

  • On some Model 3 and Model Y vehicles, the steering wheel cover material may separate from the…
  • Certain Model 3 and Model Y vehicles may need a different Occupant Classification System (OCS)…
  • Leaked inside the rear trunk area through the liftgate assembly

Crash ratings by version

VersionOverallFrontSideRollover
Tesla Model 3 4 DR AWD★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
Tesla Model 3 4 DR RWD★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★
Tesla Model S (All Variants) 5 HB AWD Early Releasenot ratednot ratednot rated★★★★★

Safety equipment

Electronic stabilityForward collision warningLane departure warning
StandardStandardStandard

Nearby model years

YearLemon IndexComplaintsSoldTop system
202029819971,344Automatic emergency braking
2021533888172,700Automatic emergency braking
2022272771231,400Automatic emergency braking
20232581,182385,900Automatic emergency braking
202494328405,900Automatic emergency braking
202550106317,800Automatic emergency braking

Sources: NHTSA complaints, recalls, investigations and manufacturer communications; EPA fuel economy data; YouTube video titles. Complaints are owner reports, not proof of a defect.

Updated

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